Justice
Art 19. Protection in the event of removal, expulsion or extradition

Definition

1. Collective expulsions are prohibited

2. No one may be removed, expelled or extradited to a State where there is a serious risk that he or she would be subjected to the death penalty, torture or other inhuman or degrading treatment or punishment.

Legal explanations

Paragraph 1 of this Article has the same meaning and scope as Article 4 of the Protocol No 4 to the ECHR concerning collective expulsion. Its purpose is to guarantee that every decision is based on a specific examination and that no single measure can be taken to expel all persons having the nationality of a particular State (see also Article 13 of the Covenant on Civil and Political Rights).

Paragraph 2 incorporates case-law from the European Court of Human Rights regarding Article 3 of the ECHR (see Ahmed v Austria, 17 December 1996; Soering v United Kingdom, 7 July 1989;)